Tuesday, February 19, 2019
Impact Of Technology On Architecture Essay
What impact has applied science had on computer architecture of the twentieth century?Throughout the nineteenth century, architecture refused to select anything to do with sedulousness it had been concerned solely with monumental projects glorifying the state and giant civic structures expressing the plume of its people. This however, in solely changed with the dawn of the twentieth century. Industrial production became an integral quit of sophisticated society and a new relationship was forged surrounded by man and machine. From the nineteen hundreds on, architecture was viewed in this new light. Modernism and the upbeat belief that architecture could change the future of society through a synthesis of science and technology was the result.It reflected a new nonpareil for humanness one that linked man to a new rational nuance in tune with mechanization and efficiency. Technology directly affected architecture by facilitating the creation of new materials with which to build. These new materials freed the architect from engineering limitations of the preceding(a) and allowed for new rational designs based on a buildingOs function. still nearly importantly, these designs were given form by a new optimistic ideal that rational design would make for a rational society. Technology alter architecture into a tool for social and cultural reform.The industrial alteration gave three new materials to the architect of the 20th century strengthened concrete, brace and glass. The new materials were inexpensive, mass produced and conciliative to use. These affected American cities profoundly by allowing immen let outr density through higher buildings. Imagine the typical single-valued function floor plate as we know it open space with a few columns. You couldnt go as high or have such long spans between columns with timber frame. Chicago is a heavy(p) sheath of the kind of boom that occured with this kind of new building technology. whizz need s ole(prenominal) to look to the Carson Pirie Scott Building built by Loius H. Sulli cable caravan in 1906 to understand the effect that new materials had on architecture of that era (fig.1). With its coarse spans, large horizontal windows and non load-bearing walls, the building has a much luminance and more open feeling than that ofits predecessors. The Carson Pirie Scott buildingOs elevation is expressive of the Chicago blade frame style made possible by industry.Another example of how new materials affected architecture is the Apartments at 25 bis Rue Franklin in Paris intentional by August Perret (fig. 2). He used reinforced concrete for the skeleton of this building , which is visible on its exterior, and which gives it an overall movie of lightness. This also allowed Perret to open up his floor plan in shipway that were previously restructed in wood frame construction the size of the windows was only limited by Paris bye-laws. Structure became expedient, quick to build an d flexible to use. Along with Elisha OtisOs electric elevator, these materials as a direct result of technology gave birth to the sky scraper and changed the face of architecture forever.Major new buildings projects churches. But more fundamental was the recognition that a new free architecture was neccessary because of the emergence of new building types for which there was no provinance in the narration of styles. There were a vast programme of building types schools, collages, libraries and above all offices.Idealization of industry -elimination of ornament -reduction of form to function(same as elimination of ornament, just including function also as how space is used) -expression of essentials i.e. structure, skin, floorplate (see Corbs Domino fireside diagram) -new kind of ethic in architecture-truth, honesty- to the point often of puritanical earnestness -importance of light-almost as if it could cleanse (could make claim nigh a redden of the post-grungy workshop ind ustrial world of 19th century, turning to ordered grounds of production) Lots of white cleanable surfaces, emph on air and ventilation also. see Corb again Villa Savoye Raised off the ground (no dirt), white walls, open spaces, silver circulation(curved ramp), roof garden, ribbon wondows -ideal of popularity in architecture modern materials feeler from industry prodused a standardization that was envisage to be applicable in any climate and culture. Corporations naturally picked up on a universal architectural culture (see the International Style by Johnson) An anecdote I heard from a visiting architect who once had a beer with Mies van der Rohe. Asked Mies What materials would you use to build in Africa ?Glass and Steel. What materials would you use for a project in Finland ?Glass and Steel But how would you account for the diffecences in climate.Proportion (This is totally hilarious to architects or anyone who knows Mies well) Role of the car -look at FLWrights Broad Acre Cit y schemes- Utopian stuff about the role of the car in the American landscape. His utopia of the 1930s is frighteningly closemouthed to what has actually happended to suburbancitie like Phoenix -suburbs -post-modern architecture emphasis of the clear image of the architecture- simplified enogh for a building to be read at a glance from behind the wheel of a car. See Robert Veturis Learning From Las Vegas a fun little book full of great insites that unfortunately spawned every piece of tacky post modern architecture ever made. See Michael Graves Portland Building for a dumb encase with decoration aimed at communicating mere image to the post modern eye dulled by the assault of T.V. and used to the speed of a carSocial engineers Yet, underlying all the vitality in all the continents was a theme that reflects the need to find something fundamental in architecture, something so real that from it a new style could be rationally developed. Buildings designed with a view to asthetic appe al.
Subscribe to:
Post Comments (Atom)
No comments:
Post a Comment
Note: Only a member of this blog may post a comment.