Challenges Women Confronted in the 1990s Essay -- Feminism Feminist Eq

Four important challenges confronted women in the 1990s increasing practical literacy, gaining access to employment opportunities at all levels in the economy, promoting change in the perception of womens roles and status, and gaining a public voice both within and outside political process.There have been various attempts at complaisant and legal reform aimed at improving womens lives during the twentieth century. Indeed there may be contradictions inherent in the sexual practice agendum of some nationalist projects, yet more and more steps are being taken so women can participate actively in programs specially in the area of the physical sciences. This is an area where women are now becoming more and more recognized. In the nineteenth century there was a manage to introduce female education, to ease some of the restrictions on womens activities. Yet more and more, women began to be active participants and many of the earliest proponents of education improved social status for women. They advocated cooking and sewing classes conducted in a religious framework to advance womens knowledge and skills. Feminists campaigned for increased breast cancer research, more snug and cheaper contraceptive methods. Research on the physiology of menopause and elimination of unnecessary surgical interventions such as hysterectomies, Cesarean sections and radical mastectomies. These campaigns were supported by several protagonism groups. In 1990 the U.S. National Institute of Health established the Office of Research on Womens Health and launched the Womens Health Initiative to redress gender inequities in medical research. (Creager & Schiebinger).For the women in developing countries, for example, promoting the education of women was a first step in moving beyond the constraints. The nationalist struggle helped fray the duds in socially imposed curtains. Simultaneously, womens roles were questioned, and their empowerment was linked to the larger issues of nationalism a nd independence (ibid).A review of Muslim history and culture brings to decrepit many areas in which Quranic teaching nonwithstanding, women continued to be subjected to diverse forms of oppression and injustice, often in the name of Islam, while the Quran because of its protective attitude toward all downtrodden and oppressed classes of people, appears to be weighted in many ways in favor of women... ...ford while the woman has no choice in the matter. Among some tribes husbands do not sleep with their wives except for purposes of procreation. They do not eat with their wives and children. When the wife brings him his food, she places it on the ground before him so that he will not be polluted by her touch. He then pulls it toward himself with his foot (Abdullah. 1988). There is hope though for women in this area. More and more women are realizing that they can rectify systemic injustices. They anticipate toward a future when feminist theorizing has a more profound in fluence on society including medicine and health. This, in a way, is where they are most open because of their motherly instincts. They look toward a future when the voices of the socially marginalized are fully recognized, and the needs of all social groups are incorporated into a system of healthcare justice that is responsive to the diverse needs of all across the globe. In sum, the overall purpose of feminist issues such as these is the development of a kind-hearted community that values the health and well being of all, regardless of any impediments to gender and race.